– UZamahşeri ungubani, yini ubudlelwane bakhe ne-tasavvuf, ingabe ubalwa phakathi kwabantu abangcwele (evliya)?
– Kuthiwa ungumMutezile, ingabe lokhu kuyiqiniso?
– Ngaphezu kwalokho; umbono wakhe mayelana nomshado kaMprofethi Muhammad (saw) noZaynab (ra) ukhona ezindaweni eziningi. Kodwa kuye kwaphakanyiswa ukuthi umbono wakhe awulungile nokuthi kukhona amaphutha ezincwadini zakhe.
– Uthini ngombono kaZamakhshari ngomshado kaMprofethi uMuhammad (ukuthula kube kuye) noZaynab (uNkulunkulu akamthokozise)?
Mthandiwe, mzalwane wethu,
– Ebu’l-Kasım Mahmud b. Ömer b. Muhammed el-Hârizmî
ez-Zemahşerî,
el-Keşşâf
Umfundisi ohlonishwayo owaziwa ngemisebenzi yakhe yolimi lwesi-Arabhu nezincwadi, kanye nencazelo yakhe ethi [igama lencazelo], wazalelwa e-Khwarazm, e-Köroğlu, e-Taşavuz (Daşoğuz, Taşauz) e-Turkmenistan, ngomhlaka 27 Rajab 467 (18 March 1075).
[İlmamedov, XX/2 (2011), k. 192]
Wazalelwa eZamakhshar.
Waqala ukubhala eMekka, lapho ayemi khona phakathi nohambo lwakhe lokufuna ulwazi.
el-Keşşaf
Kuthiwa waphothula umsebenzi wakhe, owawuthi, cishe eminyakeni emibili nengxenye. Ngemuva kwalokho, waya ekhaya lakhe eKhwarazm, wahlala eJurjaniyya (Ürgenç/Gürgenç) ngaphakathi kwemingcele yase-Uzbekistan. Washona lapha ngobusuku bangaphambi kosuku lwe-Arafa, ngomhlaka 9 Zilhicce 538 (13 Juni 1144).
Kukhona abathi u-Aslı ungumPheresiya, kanti abanye bathi ungumTurkey.
– Ukuzihlanganisa kukaZamakhshari ne-tasavvuf
Sicabanga ukuthi akukho ukuthintana. Ngoba asinalo ulwazi ngalokhu. Nokho, ukuthi kwezinye izindawo ekuchazeni kwakhe aphikisane namaSufi, isibonelo ekuchazeni kweSurah Al-Ma’idah (5/54) mayelana namaSufi…
“abantu abangenalwazi kakhulu, abayizitha zolwazi”
Ukusetshenziswa kwemishwana efana naleyo kuyinkomba ecacile yokuthi uyaphikisana ne-Sufism.
– UZamahshari wayengumHanefi ngokuphathelene nezenzo, kodwa wayengumMu’tazili ngokuphathelene nezinkolelo.
U-Zehebi no-Ibn Hacer babenombono ohlukile ngo-Zemahşeri mayelana nokulandisa kwama-hadith.
“olungile”
(okungukuthi, umuntu owayenezimfanelo zokubamba nokulunga ekulandiseni ama-hadith), kodwa wamchaza ngokukhethekile ngoba wayemema abantu emibonweni ye-i’tizal.
el-Keşşâf
baye baxwayisa ngokuthi kufanele kusondelwe ngokuqapha encazelweni yakhe ethi.
(bheka i-Mîzânü’l-i’tidâl, IV, 78; Lisânü’l-Mîzân, VI, 4)
– U-Zemahşeri ngabe ngumngani kaNkulunkulu noma cha, uNkulunkulu uyazi.
Akungabazeki ukuthi wayengumuntu okhonza uNkulunkulu, nakuba ayengumMutezili. Ngokuqinisekile asazi ukuthi wafa kanjani.
– Ngokuphathelene nomshado kaZemahşeri noMprofethi uMuhammad noZaynab,
Ukuphawula kwakhe kokuqala, ngombono wethu, kwakungalungile. Lolu phawulo empeleni lusekelwe endabeni eyalandiswa. Le ndaba yalandiswa nguSa’lebi…
-ngaphandle kwezizathu/ngaphandle kobufakazi-
Ushilo lolu luhunyushwe nguTaberi, ekhomba kule ncwadi ka-Abdurrahman b. Zeyd b. Eslem.
Nokho
Bukhari
futhi
UmMuslimu
Ukungafakwa kwalo lwazi lapho kukhulunywa ngalo mshado, kuwubufakazi obuhlukile bokuthi lokhu akulungile.
– Ulwazi olutholakala kwezinye izincwadi oluthi “uMprofethi (s.a.w.) wamthanda uZaynab ngesikhathi esemzini wakhe, eshadile noZayd,” njengoba kuchazwa njengesizathu sokushada kwakhe naye, alulona iqiniso. Ngempela, u-Ibn Kathir akazange alufake lolu lwazi, olutholakala kwezinye izincwadi zokuchaza iKoran neHadith, ngoba ubona ukuthi alulona iqiniso.
(bheka u-Ibn Kathir, Ahzab, 33/36-37. incazelo yezindima)
– Njengoba u-Ibn Ashur naye ebeka, uZaynab wayeyindodakazi ka-anti kaMprofethi (ukuthula nokubusiswa kube kuye). Wamukela ukushada noZayd ngeseluleko sikaMprofethi (ukuthula nokubusiswa kube kuye), nakuba wayengafuni.
“Uma uNkulunkulu noMprofethi wakhe sebebeke isinqumo ngendaba ethile, akukho muntu wesilisa noma wesifazane okholwayo onelungelo lokukhetha okunye. Noma ngubani ohlubuka kuNkulunkulu nakuMprofethi wakhe, ngokuqinisekile uyobe esedukile.”
(Al-Ahzab, 33/36)
Le ndima iqokomisa le ntlha.
Kungenzeka ukuthi uZaynab, umzala kaMprofethi (ukuthula kube kuye), wayengakaze abonwe ngaphambili.
Ngakho-ke, lezi zindaba (ezikhonjiswe embuzweni) azinayo isisekelo esiqinile, azinayo isiqinisekiso esivumelekile. Iningi lazo liyizincazelo ezingenasisindo.
(bheka u-Ibn Ashur, indawo efanele)
– U-Allah uyichaze ngokucacile injongo yalo mshado ngale ndlela:
“Ngemva kokuba uZayd esehlukanisile nomkakhe wayeka ukuba naye, samshadisela wena ukuze kungabikho ubunzima kubantu abakholwayo ngokuphathelene nokushada nabafazi babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana bababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana babo ababengabantwana
(Al-Ahzab, 33/37)
Njengoba lesi sizathu esiku-Quran sicacile, akukwenzeki ukuthi sikholelwe ezindabeni ezingahambisani nenkazimulo yobuporofethi.
Ngiyabingelela ngithandazela…
UbuSulumane Ngemibuzo
