Mthandiwe, mzalwane wethu,
Ukudala kwabantu kwenzelwa ukuba bakhonze uNkulunkulu. Ukuze kuboniswe indlela yokukhonza, kwathunyelwa abaprofethi nezincwadi njengezikhombisi.
Njengoba abantu banikwe ingqondo nokuqonda ukuze baqonde iqiniso, banikwe futhi inkululeko yokuzikhethela ukuze ukuhlolwa kube ngaphansi kwezimo ezilungile nezingalinganayo. Abantwana abangenayo ingqondo, abahlanya, nabaphoqelelwayo abakwazi ukusebenzisa inkululeko yabo yokuzikhethela, ngakho-ke ababhekene nalolu hlolwa.
Ngokwalezi zimo, abantu abaphambi kwalezi zithombe bahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili: labo abakholwa kulaba baprofethi nasezincwadini ezilethwe yibo, nalabo abangakholwa.
Kuleli vesi, siqonda izinto ezimbili: akukho muntu okumele aphoqelelwe ukuba angene enkolweni, futhi akukho muntu okumele avinjelwe ukuba angene enkolweni. UNkulunkulu, osifundisa leli qiniso, naye uyalilandela.
Ngokwalokhu, uNkulunkulu akabavimbeli abakholwa kubaprofethi, njengoba engabavimbeli nalabo abangakholwa, ngisho nalabo abababulalayo. Akabavimbeli labo abakholwa ezincwadini futhi bazigcine, njengoba engabavimbeli nalabo abazihlanekezelayo.
Ukuba uNkulunkulu wayebamba izandla zabo bonke ababulali, izigebengu, amasela, abangakholwa, nabaphambanisa izinto, abavimbele ekwenzeni lokho abakwenzayo, ngabe akukho lutho olubi emhlabeni, futhi ngokuqinisekile, ngaleso simo, ngeke kukhulunywe ngovivinyo.
Abaprofethi abangaphambili babethunyelwa ezizweni ezithile nangesikhathi esithile. Izincwadi zabo zazisebenza kuphela kulezo zizwe nangesikhathi esithile. Ngakho-ke uNkulunkulu akazange azivikele. Ngoba lapho isikhathi sokuthunyelwa kwalowo mprofethi siphela noma incwadi yakhe iphathwa ngendlela engafanele, uNkulunkulu wayethumela omunye umprofethi nencwadi entsha. Kodwa uMprofethi wethu (ukuthula kube kuye) ungumprofethi wokugcina owathunyelwa kuzo zonke izikhathi nasezindaweni zonke. Njengoba kungekho mprofethi ozayo emva kwakhe, ukube uNkulunkulu akazange alondoloze iKur’an ayinikeze kuye (ukuthula kube kuye), abantu abazayo emva kwakhe ngeke bakwazi ukuthola indlela elungile.
Akukho konke uNkulunkulu akudalile emhlabeni okufanayo. Okunye ukudala ngesizathu, okunye ngaphandle kwesizathu nangaphandle kwendlela. Ngokwesibonelo, bonke abantu bazalwa ngabazali, kodwa u-Adam (as) wadalwa ngaphandle kwabazali, u-Isa (as) wadalwa ngaphandle kobaba, no-Eva wadalwa ngaphandle komama. Ngakho-ke, ngezinye izikhathi uNkulunkulu usebenza ngendlela ekhethekileyo, ngaphandle kwemithetho ejwayelekileyo.
Futhi, umlilo awushisi, inyanga ayihlukaneki kabili, isihlahla asihambi, intonga ayiphenduki inyoka. Ngokwemvelo, kunjalo. Kodwa, u-Ibrahim (as) akazange ashise, inyanga yahlukana kabili, isihlahla sahamba ngomyalo kaMprofethi wethu (asm), nentonga kaMusa (as) yaphenduka inyoka. Lokhu kwenzeka ngemvume nangenhloso kaNkulunkulu.
Kukhona futhi abanye abaprofethi abafika, babulawa yizizwe abathunywa kuzo. Kodwa uNkulunkulu waphinde wavikela abanye abaprofethi bakhe, njengoMose (as), u-Abrahama (as), noMuhammad (asm).
UNkulunkulu, owavumela ukushintshwa kwezinye izincwadi, wavimbela ukushintshwa kweKoran ngokukhethekile ngomusa wakhe. Ngalesi sizathu, ubonise ukuthi iKoran iphethwe ngaphansi kokuvikelwa okukhethekile.
Manje-ke, uNkulunkulu wethu kanye noSathane ngeke bakwazi ukusho ukuthi, “Kungani uNkulunkulu engazange avikele abanye abaprofethi ekubulaweni, kodwa wavikela u-Abraham (as)?” Ngokufanayo, ngeke bakwazi ukuveza imibono yabo kulolu daba, uNkulunkulu ethanda.
Ayikho incwadi yasezulwini eyayikhona ngaphambi kweKoran, futhi esatholakala nanamuhla, eyayiyincwadi yasezulwini eyayithunyelwe abaprofethi nguNkulunkulu. Izincwadi zazo zokuqala zalahleka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zaphinde zabhalwa ngabantu. Ngakho-ke, zafakwa izinkolelo-ze nezinkolelo ezingamanga.
Ngokwesibonelo, kuyaziwa ukuthi iTorah ayizange ilondolozwe ngamaJuda, ayaphila iminyaka eminingi ngaphansi kobugqila nokudingiswa ngemva kukaMose (as), ngisho nokuphulukana nokholo lwabo ngesikhathi esithile, baze bawela ekukhonzeni izithombe; ukuthi ikhophi esinayo namuhla yabhalwa ngabanye abefundisi ngemva kukaMose (as), kodwa yamukelwa njengencwadi yenkolo njengokungathi iyikhophi yokuqala yeTorah. Kuyacaca ukuthi incwadi eyavela ngemva kwenkathi ende neyinkimbinkimbi enjalo ayinakuba yiyo kanye iTorah eyayithunyelwe kuMose (as). Yingakho kukhona izinsolo nezinsolo ezingafaneleki kubaprofethi; kukhona imithetho ephikisana nomoya wenkolo yobunye.
IHubo elalithunyelwe kuDavidi (a.s.) nalo alizange likwazi ukusinda ekuhluphekeni okwafanayo nalokho okwenzeka eTorah.
Ngoba waba umprofethi eneminyaka engamashumi amathathu, futhi umsebenzi wakhe wobuprofethi waphela eneminyaka engamashumi amathathu nantathu. Ngaleso sikhathi esifushane seminyaka emithathu, wayezulazula emizini nasezindaweni ezahlukene, ezama ukufundisa abantu. Ngasekupheleni kwempilo yakhe, wayehlale ehlushwa abaphathi bamaRoma, ababeshushiswa ngamaJuda. Ngakho-ke, wayengenaso isikhathi noma ithuba lokubhala iVangeli. Ngempela, amaVangeli akhona namuhla abizwa ngamagama ababhali bawo, futhi afana nencwadi yomlando equkethe izintshumayelo, izifundo, kanye neziyalo zikaJesu (as) kubafundi bakhe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ababhali bawo akubona abafundi bakaJesu (as) ababengabokuqala ukukholwa, kodwa labo ababona abafundi bakaJesu (as) futhi balalela amazwi avela kuNkulunkulu kubo.
Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezithile zokulandisa nokuqukethwe okutholakala kumaVangeli akhona. Leli qembu lihlolisise amakhulu amaVangeli, kwathi ngemvumelwano yezitho ezingama-318, lamukela amaVangeli amane akhona namuhla, lawo afakazela ukuthi uJesu (as) ungowasezulwini, lase lishisa laphinda lachitha amanye.
Njengoba kubonakala, ngisho namanye amabandla obuKristu awazange alandele lesi sinqumo. Ngakho-ke, akunakwenzeka ukuthi amaVangeli amane anamuhla afana ncamashi neVangeli elalithunyelwe kuMprofethi uJesu (ukuthula kube kuye).
Thina maMuslim, siyakholwa ukuthi uMusa, uDavide, noJesu (ukuthula kube phezu kwabo) bathunyelelwa izincwadi zikaNkulunkulu ezibizwa ngokuthi iTorah, iZabur, neVangeli, nokuthi lezi zincwadi azinayo imithetho ephambene nenkolo yeqiniso nokukholwa kuNkulunkulu oyedwa. Kodwa-ke, lezi zincwadi azizange zigcinwe kahle, ngakho-ke izincwadi zazo zokuqala zalahleka.
Asingakwazi ukuthi akukho lutho oluvela ezambulelweni ezathunyelwa kubaprofethi ezincwadini ezisezandleni zamaJuda namaKristu namuhla. Kodwa kuyiqiniso futhi ukuthi kukhona izinkolelo-ze nezinkolelo ezingamanga ezixutshwe kuzo. Ngakho-ke, siyazithoba kulezi zincwadi. Siyavuma ukuthi izimiso ezivumelana neKoran zivela ezambulelweni. Kanti izimiso eziphikisana neKoran, sithatha ukuthi zafakwa kamuva kulezo zincwadi. Kuzindaba ezitholakala kulezo zincwadi ezingahambisani noma ezingaphikisani neKoran, siyathula. Asizivumi noma siziphike. Ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi zivela ezambulelweni, kungenzeka futhi ukuthi aziveli.
Ngokuphathelene nalokhu, u-Abu Hurayrah (ra) wathi:
I-Qur’an, incwadi yokugcina engcwele kaNkulunkulu, umyalo waKhe kuwo wonke umuntu, yafika kancane kancane, ivesi ngalinye, isahluko ngasinye, eminyakeni engamashumi amabili nantathu. Umprofethi (ukuthula nokubusiswa kukaNkulunkulu kube phezu kwakhe) wayefunda amavesi nezahluko ezazifike kuye kubantu ababemzungezile, abanye babezibamba ngekhanda, abanye babezibhala phansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Umprofethi (ukuthula nokubusiswa kukaNkulunkulu kube phezu kwakhe) wayenababhali bembhalo-ngcwele. Laba babenomsebenzi wokubhala amavesi nezahluko ezazifike. Indawo lapho ivesi noma isahluko esithile sasiyoba khona, ukuthi sibe kuphi e-Qur’an, kwakwaziswa ngqo kuMprofethi (ukuthula nokubusiswa kukaNkulunkulu kube phezu kwakhe) ngoJibril (ukuthula nokubusiswa kukaNkulunkulu kube phezu kwakhe), naye wayebe esechazela ababhali bembhalo-ngcwele ukuthi benze njani. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokuphila kukaMprofethi (ukuthula nokubusiswa kukaNkulunkulu kube phezu kwakhe), i-Qur’an yabhala yonke, kwaziwa ukuthi yini eyayizoba kuphi. Futhi, uJibril (ukuthula nokubusiswa kukaNkulunkulu kube phezu kwakhe) wayefika njalo ngenyanga kaRamadan, afunde amavesi nezahluko ezazifike kuze kube yileso sikhathi kuMprofethi (ukuthula nokubusiswa kukaNkulunkulu kube phezu kwakhe). Ngenyanga kaRamadan yokugcina ngaphambi kokufa kukaMprofethi (ukuthula nokubusiswa kukaNkulunkulu kube phezu kwakhe), uJibril (ukuthula nokubusiswa kukaNkulunkulu kube phezu kwakhe) wafika futhi, kodwa kulokhu bafunda i-Qur’an kabili. Okokuqala, uJibril (ukuthula nokubusiswa kukaNkulunkulu kube phezu kwakhe) wayefunda, Umprofethi (ukuthula nokubusiswa kukaNkulunkulu kube phezu kwakhe) wayelalela; okwesibili, Umprofethi (ukuthula nokubusiswa kukaNkulunkulu kube phezu kwakhe) wayefunda, uJibril (ukuthula nokubusiswa kukaNkulunkulu kube phezu kwakhe) wayelalela. Ngakho-ke, i-Qur’an yafika esimweni sayo sokugcina.
Nokho, ngesikhathi sokuphila kukaMprofethi (ukuthula kube phezu kwakhe), iKoran yayingakahlanganiswa njengencwadi eyodwa. Yayisabalalisiwe phakathi kwabalandeli bayo njengamaqabunga, futhi yayigcinwe ezinkumbulweni zabo. Kodwa kwakwaziwa kahle ukuthi yini eyayizoba kuphi.
Ekugcineni, ngesikhathi sokubusa kuka-Abu Bakr (ra), kwakhiwa ikomidi eliholwa nguZayd ibn Thabit, elalihlanganisa ababhali be-wahy nabantu ababenezinkumbulo ezinamandla. Leli komidi laphathiswa umsebenzi wokuhlanganisa iKoran ibe yincwadi eyodwa. Bonke abantu ababengabalandeli bakaMprofethi (as) baletha amakhasi eKoran ababewabhale phansi, bawathumela kuleli komidi. Ngokusebenzisana kwabantu ababenezinkumbulo ezinamandla nababhali be-wahy, amakhasi, izahluko, namavesi abekwa ezindaweni zawo njengoba uMprofethi (as) ayekuchazile. Ngale ndlela, iKoran yaba yincwadi eyodwa eyaziwa ngokuthi iMushaf.
Manje kwakungeke kusaba khona ukukhohlwa, ukulahleka, ukuguqulwa noma ukushintshwa kweKoran. Ngoba umbhalo wayo wokuqala, njengoba wawufike kuMprofethi (ukuthula nokubusiswa kube kuye), wawusubhaliswe ngokuphelele nangokungenasici.
Ngenxa yesidingo esavela ngesikhathi sika-Hz. Osman (ra), kwakhiqizwa amakhophi amasha aleli Mushaf, abese ethunyelwa emazweni ahlukahlukene.
Ama-Qur’an akhona namhlanje ayizincwadi ezikopishwe kuleyo-Qur’an.
Ngokungafani nezinye izincwadi zikaNkulunkulu, iKoran, ngenxa yokuqina kwayo ekubhalweni kwayo, yafakwa phakathi kwemibhalo yezambulo ngaphandle kokushintshwa noma ukuguqulwa, futhi yagcinwa iminyaka engu-1400. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi ukuba lula kwayo ukufundwa ngekhanda, ukungafani kwayo nenkulumo yomuntu, ukungakwazi ukulingiswa, ukungakwazi ukufinyelelwa ezingeni layo lobuciko nokubaluleka, kanye nokunakekelwa okukhulu ekubhalweni kwayo, kwaba nendima enkulu kulokhu. Kodwa isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi uNkulunkulu uMninimandla onke wayigcina futhi wayivikela iKoran, wayenza yaba yisibonakaliso esiqhubeka kuze kube phakade, kokubili ngokuya ngamagama nangokwencazelo. Ngempela, iKoran ithi:
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izigidi zabantu zilibambe ngekhanda, futhi liyaphindwa ngemilomo yezigidi ngezilimi eziningi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Lolu hlobo lwesikhundla alukaze lutholwe yincwadi yomuntu, ngisho nencwadi yasezulwini. Kuyadingeka futhi kufanelekile ukuthi iKur’an, izwi lokugcina likaNkulunkulu, umyalo wakhe ohlala kuze kube usuku lokugcina, ithole isikhundla esingalinganiswa nalutho kanye nenkazimulo ephakeme.
Ngiyabingelela ngithandazela…
UbuSulumane Ngemibuzo
Yorumlar
Isihloko esifundisayo..
Ukuthi iTorah neVangeli zashintshwa kungenxa yokuthi kwakungekho muntu owazi iTorah yonke ngekhanda, noma ngabe kwakukhona, wayebulawa. Ama-hafiz (abantu abazi iKoran ngekhanda) anendima enkulu ekufikeni kweKoran kithi namuhla ngaphandle kokushintshwa. UNkulunkulu wayivikela iKoran ngolimi lwama-hafiz. AmaJuda awazange ayivikele iTorah ngoba athi awawadingi ama-hafiz, futhi ayabulala uZakariya noYahya ababeyazi iTorah ngekhanda, ngakho-ke baqalekiswa. Ukuthi iTorah yashintshwa kucace ngale ndlela.
Kube yisihloko esikhanyisayo kakhulu… ngiyabonga…
Ngiyabonga ngentshisekelo yakho ngombuzo wami. Impendulo yakho ibe yingqayizivele… ngiyabonga futhi.
Nakuba kubonakala sengathi uNkulunkulu uSomandla akazange azivikele izincwadi zeZaburi, iTorah neVangeli, eqinisweni, uvikela izimiso zokholo ezikulezozincwadi ngeKoran. Uma incwadi ingumzimba, incazelo yayo ingumphefumulo. Nakuba umzimba ungabola, umphefumulo uyaphila. Uvikela ngeKoran. Ivesi elithi “Le ncwadi iqinisekisa futhi iyavivinya izincwadi ezandulelayo” liyakufakazela lokhu. “Ukuvivinya” kusho “ukuvikela”. Izimiso zokholo ezonakaliswe eZaburini, eTorah naseVangelini zilungiswe ngeKoran, kanti izimiso zeshari’a zafika ekupheleleni nasekupheleni ngeKoran. Ivesi elithi “Namuhla ngiphelelise inkolo yami kini, ngakhetha i-Islam njengenkolo yenu” liyakufakazela lokhu.
Yebo, lona kwakungomunye wemibuzo eyayihlala ingikhathaza. Ngihlala ngizibuza ukuthi kungani uNkulunkulu ethi akekho ongashintsha amazwi akhe, kodwa ngasikhathi sinye kuthiwa iTorah neVangeli zashintshwa. Lokhu kwakunciphisa ukholo lwami, kodwa uma sibheka izinto ngomunye umbono, uma sikholelwa, kukhona incazelo enengqondo kakhulu. UNkulunkulu wathumela iTorah, yashintshwa; wathumela iVangeli, lashintshwa; wathumela iKoran. Ngakho-ke, njalo lapho amazwi kaNkulunkulu eshintshwa, uNkulunkulu uphinda athumele iqiniso. Amazwi kaNkulunkulu awahlali eshintshiwe. Uma eshintshiwe, uNkulunkulu uphinda athumele iqiniso. Njengoba iKoran ingashintshiwe, akasathumeli lutho, futhi uNkulunkulu uthi iKoran ngeke ishintshwe, uyayivikela.
Kuhle kakhulu, ngizokubhala lokhu esabelweni sami.
Sayın Hocam,
Izimpilo zabanye abaprofethi ziseQuran uqobo. I-Quran-i Kerim iyinkomba. Kwakungadingeki ukuthi izincwadi zabo zivikelwe ngoba incwadi yayingakapheleli. Yebo, i-Quran-i Kerim iyincwadi ehlanganisa konke, ngakho akekho onelungelo lokuyishintsha.
Ngiyabingelela ngithandazela.
Emin Köten
