“Maye kuwe, awazi yini ukuthi uNkulunkulu usho ukuthini? Akukho ukuncenga okucelwa kuNkulunkulu noma kubantu bakhe. Ubukhulu bukaNkulunkulu (cc) buphakeme kunalokho. UNkulunkulu usezulu, ngalokhu (wenza izandla zakhe zaba njengombhoxo).” *Abu Dawud – Sunnah*
– Ingabe ikhona i-hadith enjalo? Uma ikhona, ungayichaza yini le hadith?
Mthandiwe, mzalwane wethu,
Kuthiwa, kwafika umuntu wasogwadule ekhonza kuMprofethi uMuhammad (ukuthula nokubusiswa kukaAllah kube phezu kwakhe):
“O Mthumeleli kaNkulunkulu, imiphefumulo isezinhlungwini ezinkulu, izingane ziyafa, impahla iyancipha, izilwane ziyabhubha. Sicelele kuNkulunkulu imvula. Siyakwenza wena umshufeli kuNkulunkulu (ukuba imvula iniswe). Futhi siyambiza uNkulunkulu ukuba abe umshufeli kuwe.”
kusho.
UMprofethi uMuhammad (ukuthula kube kuye) naye
“Uyayizwa, yini leyo? Uyazi ukuthi uthini?”
wathi. Emva kwalokho:
“Subhanallah”
kusho, futhi
“Subhanallah”
waqhubeka esho.
Ekugcineni, (njengoba kwakukhathazeka ukuthi intukuthelo yoMprofethi ingase ibangele ukwehla kwentukuthelo kaNkulunkulu), leyo (ntukuthelo) yaqala ukubonakala ebusweni babo bonke ababe khona.
Okunye (futhi):
“Maye kuwe! (Yazi kahle ukuthi) akekho noyedwa owayengaba umxhumanisi phakathi kukaNkulunkulu nendalo yakhe. Ubukhulu bukaNkulunkulu buphakeme kakhulu kunalokho. Maye kuwe! Uyazi yini ukuthi uNkulunkulu ungubani? Isihlalo sakhe sobukhosi sisezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu kunamazulu.”
wathi, wayesenza isimo esifana nendome ngeminwe yakhe (esikhaleni sesandla) wathi:
“Ngokuqinisekile, i-Arsh (isihlalo sobukhosi sika-Allah) iyakhala njengoba umkhweli we-saddle ekhala ngenxa yobunzima (buka-Allah).”
kusho.
U-Ibn Bashshar wathi ngale hadith:
Wathi: “U-Allah use-Arshini, i-Arshi isezulwini.” (Wabe eselandisa ingxenye esele ye-hadith).
(U-Abu Dawud wathi):
Isnad ka-Ahmed b. Said (indlelo yokudlulisela le hadith) yiyo eyiyoqinisile. Iqembu elihlanganisa uYahya h. Main no-Ali b. el-Medîni, bavumelene naye kulokhu. Kanti elinye iqembu, lona,
-njengoba u-Ahmed esho-
Bathi: “Kusuka ku-Ibn Ishaq.” Ngokufika kwami, ukuthi u-Ahdula’lâ, u-Ibn al-Musanna no-Ibn Bashshar babefunda (izifundo zabo) kumanuskrithi afanayo.
(Abu Dawud, Sunan, 18)
Le hadith-i şerif,
Kuyavumelekile ukucela uNkulunkulu ngesizathu sobuso boMprofethi (ukuthula nokubusiswa kube kuye), kodwa kuyaharamu ukusebenzisa uNkulunkulu njengomlamuleli ukuze ucele okuthile kubantu.
kuyasho.
Izazi ze-Sunnah
ithuba
Umbono wakhe ngalokhu uthi:
Into okufanele ukucelwe kuNkulunkulu
Akufaneleki ukucela noma yini kumuntu ofile noma ophilayo. Kodwa mayelana naye…
Kucela uNkulunkulu ngokusiza umuntu ophilayo noma ofileyo, okholwayo futhi owaziwa njengomuntu olungileyo, ukucela kuye izibusiso, nokuvakashela amathuna abaprofethi nabantu abalungileyo ngenjongo yokuphumelelisa lokhu, kuvumelekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hambo luphinde lulethe izibusiso ezingokomoya nempumelelo.
Ubufakazi bezazi kule ndaba bungafingqwa ngale ndlela:
1.
“O nina abakholwayo! Qaphelani izibopho zenu kuNkulunkulu, nifune indlela yokusondela kuye…”
(Al-Ma’idah, 5/35)
okubalulwe kuvesi
“ithuba”
, okusho ukusondela kuNkulunkulu, okuhlanganisa nokuncenga.
Ngokubona kwabaphikisayo,
“ithuba”
Okuhlosiwe lapha yizenzo zokukhonza, izenzo ezinhle, ukholo kanye nokuziphatha komuntu.
2.
Ngokwengxelo kaBukhari, uHz. Ömer, ngesikhathi somkhuleko wemvula ngonyaka wendlala, wamenza uHz. Abbas umkhulumeli wakhe, waze wathandaza wathi:
“O Allah, sasiqala ngomprofethi wethu kuWe, wabe usinika imvula; manje sasiqala ngomalume womprofethi wethu kuWe, ngakho sinike imvula.”
Ngenxa yalo mthandazo, imvula yanakile.
(Bukhari, Istisqa, 3)
Labo abangavumelani nalesi sizathu, bayakwamukela leli hadith bese bethi:
“Ukuzama ngempilo yakhe, ukuncenga uMprofethi kanye nendlu yakhe (Ehl-i Beyt) ngesikhathi besaphila kuvumelekile.”
bayasho.
3.
Ngesikhathi sokubusa kuka-Umar ibn al-Khattab, uMalik ibn Iyaz (ed-Dar) waya ethuneni likaMprofethi Muhammad, wathi:
“Ya Rasulullah, ummet yakhohloka, ngicela uNkulunkulu abanisele imvula.”
usho kanjalo.
Le hadith-i la-rivayethwe ngu-Beyhaki, Subki, Bukhari (emlandweni wakhe), Ibn Abi Heyseme, kanye no-Ibn Abi Sheybe.
4.
Uthman ibn Hunayf wathi, ngomthandazo owafundiswa nguMprofethi (ukuthula kube kuye):
“O Allah, ngiyaphendukela kuWe ngomprofethi wakho uMuhammad, umprofethi wesihe, ngiyacela…”
(bheka u-Ibn Majah, Iqamah, 189; u-Tirmidhi, Da’awat, 118; u-Ahmad b. Hanbal, Musnad, 4/138)
5.
Ngokwesimhadith kaFatima bint Asad, uMprofethi uqobo wathi:
“Ngenxa yelungelo lomprofethi”
usho kanjalo.
(U-Hakim, u-Taberani, u-Heysemi)
Zonke lezi zindima kanye nezinye ezifanayo.
ukuthi ukutawassul kubaprofethi nasebantwini abalungileyo kuvumelekile, kokubili ngesikhathi sokuphila kwabo nangemva kokufa kwabo.
kuyakhombisa.
(bheka uM. Zâhid Kevserî, Muhikku’t-takavvul fî mes’eleti’t-tevessül, ikhasi 5-9)
Ngaphandle kwalezi zinkomba ezitholwe ngomlomo, uKevserî
U-Allame Teftazani
(v. 793/1391),
Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
(v.606/1209) kanye
Seyyid Şerif el-Cürcani
(v.816/1413) imisebenzi yakhe
ngokuvumelana nokuvumeleka kokuthandaza, kungenzeka futhi kuyenzeka ukuthi kutholakale izinzuzo ezithile ezingokwenyama nezingokomoya ngokuvakashela amathuna abaprofethi nabangcwele.
ukhiphe izitatimende ezihlobene nalokhu.
Ngokwalabo abangakwamukeli ukusebenzisa izindlela zokufinyelela kuNkulunkulu, ezinye zezithasiselo ezidluliselwayo zibuthakathaka, kanti ezinye azihlangani nendaba yokusebenzisa izindlela zokufinyelela kuNkulunkulu.
Umphumela:
Ikakhulu kusukela ku-Ibn Taymiyyah (owashona ngo-728/1327), lolu daba luye lwabangela izingxabano ezinkulu, izingwabanombango, kwaba nenkulumo ende ngalo, futhi kwabhalwa kabanzi ngalo.
U-Ibn Taymiyyah weqa kakhulu ekweqiseni nasekuzibandakanyeni kule ndaba, kungenxa yendlela abanye abantu ababephila naye ngayo.
Labo ababemelene naye nabo babevame ukwenza ngesihluku, okwathi ekugcineni kwadala ukungezwani okwalelwa yi-Islam.
Kungenzeka ukuhlanganisa le migqa:
– Akukho nass (umbhalo wenkolo) othi ukuthandaza kwabafileyo kuyadingeka noma kuyimpoqo. Ophikisana nalokhu akaphumi emphakathini we-Ahlu-s-Sunnah.
– Akukho nass (isigaba esivela eQur’an noma eHadith) esenqabela ukutawassul (ukuncenga uNkulunkulu ngomuntu othandwayo noma okucatshangwa ukuthi uyathandwa nguNkulunkulu, ophilayo noma ofile, ngaphandle kokumshumanisa uNkulunkulu); ngakho-ke, labo abakwenzayo abanakusolwa.
– Ukwenza lolu daba isihloko sokuphikisana kuwukuziphatha okufanele ukusolwa.
Ngokuphathelene nendaba yendome ekhulunywe ngayo kule hadith:
Njengoba uHattabi esho, ukuthi uNkulunkulu use-Arsh (isihlalo sobukhosi) kusho ukuthi uNkulunkulu unendawo nesimo, kodwa empeleni, ngenkulumo yoMprofethi kanye nendlela ayebonisa ngayo ngeminwe yakhe, inhloso yakhe kwakuwukuthi…
Ubukhulu bamandla nobukhosi bukaNkulunkulu.
ukuba ngikwazi ukuchazela umBedouin ngisho kancane. Ngoba akunakwenzeka ukumchazela indaba eyinkimbinkimbi ngale ndlela ngemibono engaphatheki / eyisisekelo.
Le hadis liqeda ngalowo othi ubukhosi bukaAllah buseArshini.
Cehmiyye
wamukelwa njengobufakazi obumelene naye.
Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe, chofoza lapha:
– Ukucela usizo komunye ngaphandle kukaNkulunkulu, ukusebenzisa umuntu njengendlela yokufinyelela kuNkulunkulu lapho uthandaza…
– U-Hazrat Umar waya ku-Hazrat Abbas wamcela ukuba amcelele uNkulunkulu imvula…
– Evesini kaMaide, indima 35, ithi: “Funa izindlela zokumsondeza…”
– Ukucela usizo kubantu abakhulu ngenkathi uthandaza, uthi “ngokuhlonipha kwabo…
– Ukuthi ukusebenzisa abafileyo njengendlela yokufinyelela kuNkulunkulu kuyiphutha, izindima ze-Nahl 20-21 zingaba yimpendulo…
– U-Abu Hanifa uyaphikisana yini nokucela usizo ngomunye umuntu? Ngoba yena wathi, “Ngenxa yelungelo likafulanifulani…”
– Ingabe ukuthandaza kuNkulunkulu kusebenza nakwabanye abantu abangasekho emhlabeni…?
– Ngokuka-Imam Azam Abu Hanifa kanye nabasekeli bakhe, “Ilungelo lika-X kuwe…”
– Uma udinga usizo, cela kuNkulunkulu, ishadithi, ukunxusa kuMprofethi…
Ngiyabingelela ngithandazela…
UbuSulumane Ngemibuzo
