– Namuhla, ingabe iziqophamlando zevidiyo – uma ochwepheshe beqinisekisa ukuthi azikho izihlelo zokuhlela ezisetshenzisiwe – zingaba ubufakazi obuqand’ ukuthi umuntu wenze icala njengokuziphatha okubi noma ukweba?
Mthandiwe, mzalwane wethu,
Ngokomthetho wamaSulumani, lezo ziqoshwa azibhekwa njengobufakazi obuphelele.
Kufanele kube nobufakazi obuqinile nozibonakalisa ngokusobala bokuthi lezo zenzo zenzekile, ikakhulukazi ezindabeni ezifana nokuphinga nokweba, ezinezijeziso ezinzima.
Emihlolweni yazo zine zamaqembu ahlukene.
Ukuqinisekiswa kobufebe kungenzeka kuphela ngezindlela ezimbili.
kuye kwashiwo ukuthi:
Abane baka-4
noma
ukuzivuma kwakhe
yle.
[bheka u-Sharhu’l-Hidaye (Hanefi), Daru’l-fikir, 5/278; Muğni’l-muhtac (Şafii), Daru’l-Kütübi’l-İlmiye, 5/451; Keşşafu’l-Kına'(Hanbeli), Daru’l-Kütübi’l-İlmiye, 6/98-100]
Mayelana nendaba yofakazi, bheka An-Nisa, 4/15; An-Nur, 24/4; Mayelana nokuvuma icala, bheka Bukhari, isigameko sikaMaiz.
– Ngokwazi kwethu, akukho ekhulwini le-Asr-ı Saadet noma emakhulwini eminyaka alandelayo.
“ubufakazi”
akukaze kuqinisekiswe icala lobufebe ngale ndlela. Ngempela, ngisho no-Ibn Taymiyyah
“Kusukela enkathini yokuqala yobu-Islam kuze kube yisikhathi sakhe, akukaze kwatholakala icala lobufebe ngobufakazi.”
ubikile.
(bheka uSheikh Ibn Uthaymeen, al-Mumetta’, 6/157)
– Abaphenyi bathi kunokuvumelana phakathi kwezazi ukuthi lezi zinto ezimbili kuphela ezibhekwa njengobufakazi bokuziphatha okubi, futhi bathi ukurekhoda ngamathuluzi obuchwepheshe amasha akubhekwa njengokufanelekile.
(bheka i-Daru’l-İftai’l-Mısrıye, i-Fatwa: Usuku: 2009/Inombolo: 54)
– Nokuthula, masisho ukuthi, ngaphezu kwalezi zibonelo ezimbili,
“ukukhulelwa kowesifazane ongenamyeni”
nayo isithathwa njengobufakazi.
Ngokwesibonelo;
– Ngokwencazelo evela ku-Ibn Abbas, lokhu kwashiwo ngu-Hz. Ömer (lapho ekhuluma ngendima eyayisuswe kamuva mayelana nesijeziso sokukhandwa ngamatshe):
“Ngokuqinisekile, isijeziso sokukhandwa ngamatshe yisona esifanele isono sokuzinza esenziwe ngumuntu oshadile. Lokhu kwenzeka uma (abane) abafakazi befakaza, noma uma kukhona ukukhulelwa, noma uma kukhona ukuvuma icala.”
(Abu Ishaq al-Shirazi, al-Muhazzab, 3/334)
amazwi asho ukuthi abangane bomprofethi
“ukukhulelwa”
kubonisa ukuthi bakwamukela njengobufakazi bobufebe.
– Ngokwalokhu kulandiswa kwendaba kaHadith
bheka uBukhari, Hudud, 31; uMuslim, Hudud, 15 (1691), uMuvatta, Hudud, 8, 10.
– Kodwa namuhla, kungenzeka ukukhulelwa ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, iningi labafundi besimanje
“ukukhulelwa”
namuhla abakwamukeli njengobufakazi.
Ngoba,
“ukugwema ukusebenzisa imithetho (izijeziso) uma kukhona ukungabaza”
Lokhu kuyisisekelo esibalulekile emthethweni wamaSulumane. Ngempela, u-el-Krabisi, omunye wezazi ze-Hanafi,
“Uma kungekho siqiniseko sokuthi icala lenziwe, izijeziso ezibekiweyo ngeke zikhishwe.”
ngokucacileyo.
(bheka el-Kerabisi, el-Furuk, 1/296)
Ngiyabingelela ngithandazela…
UbuSulumane Ngemibuzo
