Abavumelani bokuziphendukela kwemvelo banokuzivikela okumbalwa:
– Umbuzo 1: Ngokuphendula incazelo yakho yobunkimbinkimbi obungenakuncishiswa ku-sorularlaevrim:
I-bacterium flagellum: noma ilahlekelwe yizingxenye eziningi, ingaqhubeka nokusebenza njenge-flagellum elula noma uhlelo lokukhipha izinto. Kuyaziwa ukuthi amaprotheni amaningi kuma-eukaryotic flagella angashiywa ngaphandle, ngoba kukhona ama-flagella asebenzayo angenayo lawo maprotheni. Nakuba uhlelo lokuthutha amaprotheni ngaphakathi kweseli luyinkimbinkimbi, kukhona amaprotheni angadingi mthuthi. Uhlelo lwe-immune: ama-antibody, amakhemikhali amaka amangqamuzana angenayo ukuze abhubhise, angavimba lawo mangqamuzana ngokuwawo. Ngakho-ke, uhlelo lusebenza ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali abhubhisayo (noma ngabe lusebenza kangcono ngalawo makhemikhali).
Iso ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo ayinayo
– Umbuzo 2: Kwatholwa ukuthi ama-amino acid anesandla sokudla angaguqulelwa abe ama-amino acid anesandla sokunxele ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa nengcindezi efanele. Okwesibili, kwatholwa ukuthi ama-amino acid anesandla sokunxele ayatholakala kumanqamuza nezinkanyezi ezishaya uMhlaba. Lokhu kutholwa kokubili kwaqinisekiswa yizibonelo nemibono ye-NASA. Bathi lokhu kungabizwa ngani?
– Umbuzo 3: I-abiogenesis ayiphikiswanga yi-biogenesis; okuphikiswayo yisizukulwane esizenzakalelayo ngoba i-abiogenesis ithi kwenzeka ngesikhathi eside, kanti isizukulwane esizenzakalelayo sithi akwenzeki ngokuphazima kweso. Yini engashiwo ngalokhu?
Mthandiwe, mzalwane wethu,
Impendulo 1:
Ukusho ukuthini ukuba yinkimbinkimbi okungenakuncishiswa?
izidalwa ezidalwe kanye nezitho zazo zidalwe zine-hardware edingekayo ukuze zikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi odingekayo. Lokhu kusebenza kuzo zonke izitho.
“Ushayi wezibhaktheriya”
Ukungabikho kwesici esithile kungase kungamvimbeli ekwenzeni eminye imisebenzi. Kodwa siyazi yini ukuthi yimiphi eminye imisebenzi leyo ngxenye engaphelele eyenzayo? Asazi. Kudingeka ukucwaninga ngalokhu ukuze sikwazi ukukuveza.
Ngempela,
Asikholwa ukuthi izinto ezishiwo ngabalandeli bakaDarwin ziyiqiniso.
Kuze kube manje, baphakamise izinto ezingamanga kangaka ukuze bafakazele izimangalo zabo mayelana nenkolelo-mvelaphi, kangangokuthi umuntu uyakhungatheka. Uma umsebenzi wesitho usengakafunyanwa, impendulo yabo isilungele. Ngokwemibono yabo,
yisitho esingasasebenzi esisalele njengelifa kubokhokho.
Nokho, kamuva kwavela ukuthi leso sitho sinemisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile.
Iphutha elikhulu labavumeli-nkolelo-mvelaphi mayelana nokuphithanisa kwalezi zinto ukuthi bacabanga ukuthi isitho noma isakhiwo sinomsebenzi owodwa kuphela, bese bephuthuma ukwenza isinqumo ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, isitho singaba nemisebenzi eminingi, ngezinye izikhathi amashumi.
Manje, ingasebenza kanjani inyanga yamehlo?
– Ngokwesibonelo, uma kungasekho ungqimba olungemuva lweso lapho isithombe sakheka khona, noma uma ingekho indawo ephuzi, isithombe sizokwakheka kanjani?
– Uma izinzwa nemithambo yegazi ezenza umuntu akwazi ukubona zingekho, ukusebenza nokuba khona kweso kuzokwenzeka kanjani?
– Isithombe singabonwa kanjani ngaphandle kwelensi yamehlo?
Umuntu akanalo isikhathi sokuchitha isikhathi ezintweni ezingadingekile nasezinkolelweni eziyize. Okungcono kakhulu ukubayeka bazithathele izinkolelo zabo eziyize.
Ngiyakuthanda ukucwaninga ukuze ngiqonde imisebenzi yezitho zomzimba. Naye futhi.
kuyinto efana nokukhonza.
Kodwa akwamukelekile ukuthi baveze izimangalo ezingenasisekelo ukuze bafakazele ukuziphendukela kwemvelo, futhi baphazamise abantu ngendlela engadingekile.
Impendulo 2:
Kungenzeka ukuthi ama-amino acid azivelele ngokwawo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, udaba oluyinhloko yilelo lokuthi amaprotheni akheka ngokwawo kusuka kuma-amino acid.
Iphrotheni elincane kakhulu liqukethe okungenani ama-amino acid angu-300. Uma isimo nendawo yelinye lala-amino acid kushintsha, kwakheka isakhiwo esihlukile. Ngakho-ke, ukwakheka kweproteini encane kakhulu ngengozi kunamathuba ayi-10 ngaphezulu kuka-300. Ngamanye amazwi, udinga ukubeka ama-zero angu-300 phambi kwenombolo eyodwa. Leli yithuba elincane kakhulu lokwakheka kweproteini efunwayo ngengozi.
Lokhu kusho ukuthini ngokwezibalo,
ukuthi kwenzeke isakhiwo esinjalo akunakwenzeka.
Kodwa akupheleli lapho. Okubalulekile ukuthi impilo yokuqala yavela kanjani. Ngakho-ke, akupheleli ngephrotheni. I-DNA izovela. Kuzoba khona i-nucleus kanye ne-nuclear membrane, i-cytoplasm kanye nezinye izitho zangaphakathi zekhulu, konke kuzohlangana, kuhlanganise ne-cell membrane. Kwanele? Akukwanele. Konke lokhu kuyizinto ezingaphili. Manje impilo, okungukuthi ukuphila, kuzovela kulokhu. Ngempela, inkinga enkulu ukuthi impilo yokuqala yavela kanjani.
Abavumeli-nkolelo-mvelaphi abakwazi ukuchaza ukuthi impilo yaqala kanjani, ngoba bafihla yonke le nto ngokugcizelela ubukhona bama-amino acid angenayo i-dextrorotation, okuthiwa avela emkhathini. Futhi akukwazi ukuba njalo. Ngoba impilo kuphela…
Kungenxa yokubonakaliswa kwegama likaNkulunkulu elithi Hay, okusho umnisi-mpilo.
Akukho ukuphila ezintweni eziyisisekelo, noma kuma-molecule, noma ezicutshini nasezithweni, noma ngisho nasebunjweni ngokwalo.
Noma ngabe abantu abakholelwa ku-evolution bazama kangakanani, ngeke bakwazi ukuchaza ukuthi ukuphila kwavela kanjani ezintweni ezingaphili, uma nje bengamfaki uNkulunkulu. Ngoba…
Isimanga yokuphila nokuba khona akubangelwa yisizathu esithile. Kuyisipho esivela ngqo kuNkulunkulu.
Impendulo 3:
I-Abiyogenezisi,
umbono wokuthi izinto eziphilayo zingavela ngokuzenzakalelayo ezintweni ezingaphili.
I-biogenesis, ngokuphambene nenkolelo-mbono ye-abiogenesis, yona ithi izinto eziphilayo zingavela kuphela kwezinye izinto eziphilayo.
Yini abayishoyo abasekeli bombono wokuziphendukela kwemvelo? Kuthiwa, “I-abiogenesis iphakamisa ukuthi kwenzeka ngesikhathi eside.”
Kusho ukuthini lokhu?
Lolu akuyona udaba olungaxazululwa ngomusho owodwa. Iqiniso likulokhu.
Ngakho-ke, ukuphila kuvela ezintweni ezingaphili, kodwa kuthatha isikhathi eside.
Ubufakazi buphi? Abukho.
Lesi sikhathi singakanani? Iminyaka eyikhulu? Iminyaka eyikhulu lezigidigidi? Iminyaka eyikhulu lezinkulungwane zezigidigidi? Ayikho impendulo.
Pho, yini esekela ukuthi izinto zenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi? Akukho lutho. Njengoba kungabikho muntu ongabona noma azame lokhu, bakubeka esikhathini, bese bakha zonke izimangalo zabo phezu kwale nkolelo-ze. Lolu hlobo lwesikhathi eside luyintonga yomlingo enjani, ehlanganisa zonke izinto ezingafakazelwa?
Manje sibuza wena:
Umfanekiso wokuthi izinto ezingaphili zaveza izinto eziphilayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi usekelwe kubuphi ubufakazi besayensi?
Ingabe isimangalo esinjalo sinengqondo ngokwesayensi?
Ingabe kufanele silandele labo abasho izinto ezinjalo? Ingabe labo abenza lezi zinto bangaholela abantu endleleni efanele?
Yenza isinqumo ngokwakho.
Impendulo yalo mbuzo isivele inikezwe ngokuningiliziwe embuzweni wesibili.
Umbuzo uthi, impilo yokuqala yavela kanjani?
Empeleni, indaba ayipheleli lapho. Impilo yaso sonke isidalwa esidalwe manje, njengoba kwakunjalo ngesidalwa sokuqala, ivela ngqo egameni likaNkulunkulu elithi Hay.
Akukho sizathu esingakwazi ngaso ukufakazela ukuba khona kokuphila. Izinto eziphilayo zakhiwa ngengxube yezilinganiso ezahlukene zezinto ezingaba ngu-110. Akukho nesisodwa salezi zinto esinobunjalo bokuphila. Akukho kuphila emoyeni, elangeni, noma emanzini. Ngakho-ke, akunakwenzeka ukuchaza ubunjalo bokuphila nge-amino acid, amaprotheni, i-DNA, noma ngobukhona beseli ngokwalo.
Nanguya umuntu ofile.
Ngakho-ke, impilo yakhe isiphelile. Zonke izinhlelo zisemzimbeni wakhe.
Ake siphile futhi sivuke!
Ake sibone.
Lezi zinto azizona nje indaba yama-molecule nezakhi, njengoba abavumelana nenkolelo-mvelaphi bephakamisa. Ukuphila nokuba yinto ephilayo kuyinto ehlukile kakhulu, futhi akekho usosayensi owake wakwazi ukuchaza ubunjalo bayo.
Ngokwesibonelo: Uphizi. Ngaphakathi kulo, engxenyeni ebizwa ngokuthi i-embryo, kunokuphila. Kodwa buyini ubunjalo balo? Asikwazi ukukuchaza noma ukukubonisa.
Kukhona impilo ngaphakathi kweqanda. Kodwa yini leyo mpilo? Yini imvelo yayo? Asazi. Sibona kuphela imiphumela yayo.
Manje, ingabe kunengqondo ukuthi impilo nokuba khona, okuyinto zonke izitshalo, izilwane nabantu abanayo, nokuthi yini ngempela, kunikezwe ithuba nezizathu? Akukhona yini lokhu umusa omkhulu kaNkulunkulu kulezi zinto eziphilayo? Umuntu ononembeza kufanele anikeze lezi zinto zonke kubani?
Ngokwenzakalo nje noma ngamandla kaNkulunkulu?
Ngiyabingelela ngithandazela…
UbuSulumane Ngemibuzo
