Izigaba

Kulesi sigaba lapho ungathola izihloko eziningi ezahlukene eziphathelene nenkolo yamaSulumane; kusukela ezimisweni zokukholwa kuya ezinkonzweni, kusukela ezimisweni zokuziphatha kuya ezindabeni zomphakathi, ungathola okuqukethwe okuhlanganisa wonke amacala. Ungafinyelela kalula ezindabeni ozifunayo, uthole ulwazi oluthembekile lokuzazi nokuphila inkolo yakho kangcono.

I-Metafizika ihlola umkhakha weqiniso okhona ngale komhlaba wenyama, ongabonwa ngezinzwa kodwa owamukelwa njengokhona. Emqondweni wamaSulumane, i-metafizika ihlanganisa izihloko eziphathelene nomhlaba ongabonakali, njengokuba khona kukaNkulunkulu, umphefumulo, impilo yangemva kokufa, izingelosi, amajini, isiphetho, kanye nokungabonakali. Lolu hlobo lwenkulumo luhlose ukuhlola indlela imiqondo ye-metafizika ehlolwa ngayo, kokubili ngaphakathi kohlaka lwezinkolelo zamaSulumane kanye nangombono wefilosofi. I-Kur'an-ı Kerim iyabatusa labo abakholwa kokungabonakali futhi ibheka ukukholwa ezintweni ze-metafizika njengomunye wemibandela eyisisekelo yokuba ngumkholwa. I-Metafizika ayiyona nje ulwazi, kodwa futhi iyindaba yokholo. Lolu hlobo lwenkulumo luhlose ukuchaza izihloko ezinjengemvelo yomphefumulo, impilo yangemva kokufa, ukuba khona kwezingelosi nama jini, ngokusekelwe kokubili emithonjeni yamaSulumane kanye nasezimbonweni zezazi zefilosofi zamaSulumane zakudala (Farabi, İbn Sina, Gazali, njll.). I-Metafizika inikeza umuntu ithuba lokubuza ngokujulile ngenhloso yokudalwa kwakhe, indawo yakhe endaweni yonke, kanye nencazelo yempilo. Ngale ndlela, inikeza ukujula kokubili kwengqondo nokomoya.
Indalo yindlela uNkulunkulu adale ngayo izulu nomhlaba, abantu, nazo zonke izinto eziphilayo ngendlela ephelele. Ngokwe-Islam, yonke into idalwe ngentando kaNkulunkulu, futhi yonke indalo isebenzela injongo ethile. Lolu hlobo lwendaba luchaza indalo yezulu nomhlaba kanye nomuntu, amandla kaNkulunkulu, kanye nobuhlakani bendalo.
Ukholo luyikwamukela nokuvuma ngenhliziyo izimiso eziyisisekelo zokholo lwe-Islam. Kulesi sigaba, kuxoxwa ngezimiso eziyisithupha eziyisisekelo zokholo lwe-Islam: ukukholwa kuNkulunkulu, ezingelosini zakhe, ezincwadini zakhe, kubaprofethi bakhe, ngosuku lokugcina, nasekuqondisweni. Incazelo, ukubaluleka, nendlela umuntu okholwayo ongumMuslim okufanele asondele ngayo kulezi zimiso, kuchazwa ngemininingwane. Kukhona futhi isiqondiso sokulungisa imibono engalungile mayelana nokholo kanye nezinkolelo eziphambene nezimiso zokholo lwe-Islam. Ukholo luthathwa njengoluphelele e-Islam, futhi lesi sigaba siqukethe imininingwane eningiliziwe mayelana nazo zonke izimiso.
Lolu hlobo luhlola izihloko ezahlukahlukene ezitholakala ku-Islam; isibonelo, umehluko phakathi kwamaqembu, amasiko e-Islam ahlukene, ukwehluka kwamasiko enkolo, izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuhumusha njenge-Sunnah ne-Ijtihad. Ngokufanayo, inikeza ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nokungabaza, izincazelo, nezindlela ezahlukene zokubhekana nezindaba zenkolo. Lokhu kwehluka akukhona nje ingcebo, kodwa futhi kuyinto eyenza umyalezo wendawo yonke we-Islam uqondwe kangcono ngabantu nemiphakathi ehlukene.
UbuIslam yinkolo eyathunyelwa kubantu ngomprofethi wokugcina kaNkulunkulu, uMphrofethi uMuhammad (ukuthula kube kuye), efundisa ngokuphila ngokuqonda ukuthi uNkulunkulu munye (Tawhid) nendlela yokuphila elungile. Kulesi sigaba, kuxoxwa ngezimiso eziyisisekelo zokholo lobuIslam, izenzo zokukhonza, izindinganiso zokuziphatha, kanye nezimiso ezilawula impilo yomuntu ngobuIslam. UbuIslam bubizela abantu ukuba bakhonze uNkulunkulu kuphela futhi bazame ukuthola ukwamukeleka kuYena. Izinsika ezinhlanu zobuIslam (shahada, umkhuleko, ukuzila ukudla, izakat, kanye neHajj) ziyizinto eziyisisekelo zalesi sigaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ulwazi mayelana nezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke ezinjengomthetho, ubulungiswa, inkululeko, ukulingana, kanye nokubekezelelana ebuIslam, kanye nesiqondiso ubuIslam obusinikeza abantu nomphakathi, kanye nentuthuko yomuntu siqu ngokomoya, lunikezwa. UbuIslam yimfundiso ebanzi ehlanganisa impilo yomuntu siqu neyomphakathi, futhi ihlose ukuba uthando nokuzinikela kuNkulunkulu kubonakale ngaso sonke isikhathi empilweni.
I-Fiqh iyisayensi yokuqonda nokusebenzisa izinqumo zika-Allah ezindaweni ezifana nokukhonza, ukusebenzisana, ukuziphatha kanye nezigwebo e-Islam. Kulesi sigaba, kunikezwa ulwazi lwe-fiqh oluphathelene nezindaba zansuku zonke ezifana nemithetho yokukhonza njengokuhlamba, umthandazo, ukuzila ukudla, i-zakat, i-hajj, kanye nezindaba ezifana nomshado, ukuhweba, ifa kanye nezigwebo. Lolu hlelo luhlanganisa imibono yama-madhhab amane, ikakhulukazi i-Hanafi, kanye nezincazelo zezindaba ze-fiqh zanamuhla.
Ngokwe-Islam, umuntu uyisidalwa esiyigugu kunazo zonke esidalwe nguAllah. Lesi sigaba sibhekana nendlela umuntu adalwe ngayo, imvelo yakhe, ubudlelwano phakathi komphefumulo nomzimba wakhe. Umuntu wadalelwa ukukhonza uAllah, ukukholwa kuYe, nokulandela indlela elungile. Isintu, ngamandla asenkolweni yaso kanye nenkululeko yaso yokuzikhethela, sinamandla okuthambekela kokubili kokuhle nokubi. Kulesi sigaba, kuxoxwa ngezimfundiso ezihlobene nenjongo yokudalwa komuntu, amalungelo abantu e-Islam, inkululeko yokuzikhethela, umthwalo wemfanelo, nendima yomuntu emphakathini. Kuyaxoxwa futhi ngovivinyo lomuntu emhlabeni, umvuzo wakhe ngemva kokufa, nezindlela zokuzisondeza kuAllah.